Board-level designers often have concerns about the proper way to handle grounding for integrated circuits (ICs) which have separate analog and digital grounds. Should the two be completely separate ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. A most critical device in an optical networking system is the laser diode, since it’s responsible for converting the ...

Author’s note: This article shows how to derive circuit gain equations via a signal flow graph. With practice you may be able to write a gain equation by locating signal paths and loops in the ...

A circuit is a closed loop containing various components. Electrical current flows around the circuit. Scientists use symbols to represent the different components in a circuit. Symbols are simplified ...

Troubleshooting refrigeration equipment often requires measuring various electrical properties such as voltages, current flows, and resistances. Understanding these basic electrical fundamentals and ...

In this lesson, students build two circuits and explore how transistors function. When Bell Labs introduced the transistor in June of 1948, a spokesman proudly announced "This cylindrical object . . .

Download this article in PDF format. It’s now common to see circuit boards that carry hundreds of amps, especially in intensive data-processing applications, electric vehicles, and ac distribution.

A parallel circuit is way of connecting components on separate branches, so the current can take different routes around the circuit. The current is different in different parts of a parallel circuit.

Last month, we clarified the definition of a vector and showed you how vectors are added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided. This month, we'll see how to use vectors in defining a complex circuit ...

Your 14-year-old kids have probably spent as much of their summer holidays on their phones or computers as they have at the beach or moaning about how bored they are. Yet when they learn about ...